ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW - Essay ExampleThe causality mat up that choosing unalike organization in different industries and different sectors would give a good cross sectional overview for the repute.According to the findings of the study it was apparent that depending on the type of the organization, marketing assistants were required to carry out umpteen different tasks ranging from marketing planning, corporate communications and advertising copy piece of writing.Based on the findings of the study and the authors knowledge, skills and abilities a curriculum vitae and covering letter were designed. The covering letter that was designed was of a generic nature to help the author to customize it with minimum effort to match specific marketing positions that she wishes to apply for in the contiguous few weeks.The objective of this report is for the author to study the job of a market Assistant from different angles and to assess herself in terms of the findings. In order to carry out this study the author chose volt different organizations from different sectors and analyse the specifications that have been set out by these organizations for qualifications that were necessary for role.In this report the author will describe the methodology that will be ingestiond to study the job of the merchandise Assistant, the manner in which the findings will be presented and the self assessment. Based on the findings and the self assessment the author will design and develop a generic curriculum vitae and a covering letter for herself, which she intends to use when applying for the position of market Assistant. These two documents will also be included in this report. MethodologyIn order to carry out an in depth and meaningful study of role of a Marketing Assistant the author will collect information from five different companies in different sectors and industries on what these organizations look for in their potential candidates. The five companies that we re chosen by the author are as follows1. blast Cola Corporation - Beverage Company - Private sphere2. Tesco Supermarket - Retail Store - Private sector3. Axa Insurance Company - Insurance Company - Private Sector4. HSBC - Financial Company - Private Sector5. Salvation Army - Not for Profit - Non Governmental SectorThe author studied the job descriptions of Marketing Assistants in the above companies and also interviewed individuals running(a) in the marketing departments in the above companies before writing this report. In order to gain a good knowledge of the labour market and future prospects for individuals working as Marketing Assistants in these organizations, the author also interviewed former marketing assistants in these companies and asked them on how well-to-do or hard it was for them to find jobs and if the experience they had gained while at the previous companies were sufficient. The author specifically studied the following areas pertaining to the job. 1. Tasks an d responsibilities2. Entry requirements3. Training, development and future prospects4. Terms and Conditions5. Work environment and corporate culture6. comprehend market conditions and employment prospectsBased on the findings the author then carried out a self-assessment and designed and developed a curriculum vitae

Cross-Cultural Awareness Respond to question Essay - 1

Cross-Cultural Aw arness Respond to question - Essay Exampleadership in their areas of expertise.both the leaderships of various organizations and the practiseforce having little influence anticipate free flow of information through democratic communication.At 80 China occupies a higher ranking on the PDI scale. The society believes that social and scotch disparities amongst the great unwashed are normal. The relationship between subordinates and their seniors seems to be ineffective and thus the society is prone to deprave of authority by the high and mighty. Individuals tend to honor formal leadership and orders and are usually social welfare about peoples competence for management initiatives. Chinese believe people should restrain their ambitions to their authentic position, especially in the corporate world.According to Adler (2008), individualism primarily connotes the level of interdependence amongst members of a society. It involves whether people refer to themselves in dividually or collectively. In an Individualist system, people are expected to look later on themselves and their nearest and dearest only. Collectivist societies on the other hand witness people organize themselves in groups that fulfill their interests in exchange for allegiance. The United States scores 91 on this measure. This means the American assimilation is highly individualistic. Adler (2008) avers that the American culture is loosely-knit, and as a result people take care of themselves and those who are close to them. Americans have a high affinity to covering large distances and doing business with members of different cultures. In the corporate world, employees tend to be their own bosses, especially in their various capacities or areas of expertise. Good work eventually may earn them promotion.At 20, China is a highly communalist society where decisions are make by groups rather than individuals. In the group scenario, employee hiring and job promotions tend to be bas ed on family and acquaintance ties. Employees tend to be less committed to the

Information tech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Information tech - Essay Exampleed on the behavioral aspects of management report information, management accounting information is a necessity in business due to its capacity to permute the financial position and performance of business. This has an impact on managers responsible for drawing business objectives since they are the major users of such information (Vitez 196). Depending on the level of information details avail adapted, business management decisions are found on good management information system and are only as good as how well and current information is provided. Fulfillment of business objectives is based on critical decisions, and not guesses scat about elements such as budgets and costs. Through maintaining a good management accounting system, managers are able to spruce up their probability of making ideal business decisions. Even though information may not be the only key thing in business, it provides a real important persona in decision making process ( Vitez 198). Therefore providing information improves the quality of decisions which result to actions that contribute to the fulfilment of the objectives of the business in the best way possible.In summary, providing management accounting information will not only improve the quality of business decision making, but also increase business efficiency, increase profitability, simplify financial statement, control the cash flow of the business, increase financial reforms, reduce expenses, and solve problems and conflicts, and better(p) financial reporting (Vitez

Dynamics of Hospitality Industry Management Essay

Dynamics of Hospitality Industry Management - Essay ExampleFrom stave and client safety to property destruction and severe liability concerns, businesses in the hospitality industry ar now being faced with distinct and complex issues which must be solved in nightspot to reduce the vulnerability.The primary goal of individuals involved in the hospitality industry is to offer the finest experience come-at-able to the guest walking in to their businesses. This is the preponderant issue which pushes the hospitality industry.Sustainability standards are closely related to common awareness. Failure to have these standards might result in the destruction of the brands image. That is, customers lose enkindle in the businessEffective communication, first time interaction with a customer plays a live role in enhancing security. If individuals working into the premise with some ill motives are duly greeted and officially served, for pattern with use of hello? How may I help you? they of ten cannot be anonymous which leads to revelation of their intentions. auspices is a major issue in the hospitality industry and should be handled cautiously as it tends to train the fate of various businesses in the industry. Security threats inhibit the growth of the industry generally as it affects the customer traffic which in the ends affects the revenue

Elemental Technologies Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

chief(a) Technologies - facial expression Study ExampleThe four had a good vision and their plans had so much potential. In the beginning, the aggroup was struggling so much that it almost started up within Pixel whole kit and caboodle as a skunk works unit. However, they never gave up and the team started working on its virgin architecture. Their determination paid up when in 2006 when Pixelworks offered them $200, 000 to create a fully independent corporation. Things started looking up for them. Moreover, the team thought that the investment would foretell that they had they had their former employers blessings and that there was no intellectual property risk. This investment went a long steering in helping the team since the development of hardware required cash.In 2006, the hardware specialists (Blackman and West) decided to right out on their own together with Rosenzwieg, (a software authority). They then leased office spaces and begun developing their new technology mean t to revolutionize rich media consumption. This plan was a guaranteed success since most technologies were in line with Elementals plans at least that is what the team thought. This was because the consumers demanded for rich media content, which the content providers were unable to solve. Consequently, the devices that were used to access digital video exploded. The team was sure that in terms of market opportunity, they were definitely going to make it prominent time (The Seed Investment Dilemma 4). The company then set up meetings with top venture capital firms and was confident that they would receive funding within six months. Nevertheless, this was not the case. The venture companies doubted whether there was way in the technological world for Elementals envisioned architecture. This is because it seemed unlikely that people would buy tag on processing cards to install into their computers. The biggest mistake that Elemental

Criminal Justice Discussion2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Criminal Justice Discussion2 - Essay Examplee judge responsible for the typeface can understand the events of that day by watching the video since the criminal does not want to harbor to the accusations (Garland 20). The one offended on the other hand had died hence making that to be the only on hand(predicate) evidence.The evidence can be allowed as it clearly indicates what had happened on that day. The problem could be the person to canvass the truth behind the tape as the woman was dead. This indicates that the case cannot be called off just because the victim is dead but it can still go on in order to find pace forward the truth with the little evidence available (Garland 20). With the current technology, the witnesses do not have to be usher in in person in order to prove their case right but the court can use the available evidence and argue from it. This will serve as a vital step in raising the public confidence in the legal section. It is therefore right if the cou rts went ahead to cite the victim using the

Financial analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Financial analysis - Essay ExampleThe succeeding years thereafter showed an affirmative arc implying an adjustment in the operating system. It can be noted that it was in late 2003 that Verizon invention were observed immediately the year after as seen on the total net income of 2004. Assets over the five-year point remain at almost the same level while the total liabilities argon decreasing, with a beautiful increase in 2005, suggesting a good overall trend. symmetry by 2002 shows that the company has begun acquiring demote investments and a considerable increase in earnings. Return on investment shows a positive trend over a five-year period with the same noted decrease in 2003 because of the transition in Verizons commercializeing strategy.2005 was constant and remain within the normal range of 0.5 to 2.0 (reuters.com). The low and steady current ratio proves a standard cash payment system since the company is service-oriented, with the consumers paying on a monthly basis (Ro senbush 58). Total debt/equity and long-term debt/capital ratios show that the companys financial resources are stable and strong enough to pay both the short and long-term debts that it has incurred. The gradual decrease in both debt ratios also suggests that Verizon is able to manage the payment of its debts properly over the years, implying a steady result in earnings during this period.Sprint Nextel Corp. and AT&T Inc. are some of Verizons competitors in the telecommunications industriousness (Rosenbush 58). Figure 2 presents a comparison of the profitability of Verizon against its competitors from 2001 to 2005. This shows that over a five-year period, Verizon has been competing with AT&T for the market shares. Sprint Nextel Corp. has negligible effect in terms of competitiveness with the other two companies. The graph suggeststhat Verizon was merely able to out-run AT&T beginning on 2004. This

Rock 'n' Roll High School Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Rock n Roll High indoctrinate - Essay ExampleRather, the term might describe a social situation of excessive libertarianism or betoken democracy, as we witness in the writings of John Cage. Thus, systematic revolt would add more features to such a social situation. Systematic insubordination cannot lead to chaos, simply because it is systematic. The systemized social state of direct democracy or excessive libertarianism would definitely provide enough room for the individuals to express themselves. The systematic anarchy would culminate at freedom of expression and action in a social state that would want institutional rigidity but appreciate the good sides of human character.In the context of Rock n Roll High school, this is the very social situation of a handful of hilarious students. They break conventions, do things that they should not, challenge our regular thinking, and explore a libertarian environment in the form of systematic anarchy. This systematic anarchy is not chaotic. Rather it is expressionist, combined with the flavors of realism, surrealism, and satire.The very plot of Rock n Roll High School sets the backdrop of this certain kind of anarchy. In the Vince Lombardi High School, principals suffer from nervous breakdowns as the students of the school totally disregard education and love rock n roll whole heartedly. Through a rank of exciting and sometimes, funny events, these students invite the Ramones (a rock band) and take over the control of their school. In response to this, they represent criticism and pressure from their parents and teachers. The parents and teachers even move to police. Finally, in all this turmoil, the activities of the student lead to an explosive climax. certain(a) interesting scenes and sequences are created in the film. In the scene when the musical number Do You Wanna Dance? is set, we find the rock stars confused, even their instruments not plugged in, and the students jump and bounce all around in fir ing and joy.

Overview of Marketing and Information Systems II Research Paper

Overview of Marketing and Information Systems II - Research Paper Examplehnique and the procedure that be use for gathering, designing, analyzing and presenting the information that can be used in making the decision of marketing (Wrenn & Et. Al., 2006).Consumers are not only the purchaser of economic goods but they are the main fulcrum of care who adopts potential of free services, philosophies or ideas. Consumer behavior is basically a decision making process that the individuals engage themselves in when making a decision with regards to acquiring, evaluating, using or disposal of the goods after usage (Tyagi, 2004).The tutorial begins with the definition of marketing as well as the short history of marketing. The business buying behavior has been taught in the next surgical incision which tries to focus about the business market primarily and it comprises of the organizations that are basically into manufacturing, distribution of the product and services. It is because of the wide market which has been successful in drawing attention of thousands of companies. The tutorial proposes that the understanding of the business market is quite a easier in comparison to the understanding of the consumer market. In case of consumer market, there is need to build a placeable brand which is not very important in case of business market. But there are many cases which prove that business buying is more important than consumer buying. Therefore in this section called business buying behavior, the tutorial tries to focus more on the characteristics of business buying behavior. The tutorial also teaches what just now supply chain is. It teaches that supply chain is mostly involved in activities relating to creation of the product and delivery to the final consumers. The tutorial also emphasizes upon the ways to deal with the customers effectively and to understand the buying behavior of the customers and the methods sedulous by the companies to understand the decis ion process of the consumer. It also discusses the various factor that affect the

Mixture and a compound Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Mixture and a abstruse - Essay ExampleExplanation following electrons transfer between the donor and receptor atoms that form cations and anions is too given. Documentation of covalent bonds, their formation details and types, polar and non polar, covalent bonds atomic number 18 briefly mentioned with some examples given. It also expresses how covalent bonds form between atoms of a molecule in a case-by-case and from different genes. Keywords Mixtures, Compound, Element, Substance, Cation, Anion, Atoms, Molecules, Bonding, covalent Bonds, Ionic Bond, Shared Electrons, Electron, Properties A potpourri is a matter of im minute substances made of either 2 or more homogenous pure substances ( changes or elements), brought together physically (Syamal, 2007). The components inside a mixture at a single moment vary relatively hence, they are not fixed. The key properties of mixtures are that they dont have fixed properties and that no new substance is formed in the combine reason being that their property is dependent on combination fraction and nature of the constituents where properties of constituents are akin to those of the mixture. Just as it is formed, its constituents can also be split by physical methods like sedimentation, decantation, distillation and chromatography among others. On the contrary, compounds are pure substances, consisting of two or more components, just like mixtures, but chemically merged together to create a new substance with different properties from its constituents. At any single moment the components of a compound cost in fixed ratios. They have fixed properties without having to rely on constituents properties. Its constituents can be split through chemical reactions and not physical methods. Components of a compound are held together by strong covalent bonds unlike in mixtures, whose components are held loosely by untoughened forces. Elements and compounds are pure substances, but unlike compounds, elements cannot be s plit further. According to Stoker ( 2012, p.16) a pure substance can be classified as either an element or a compound on the basis of whether it can be broken down into two or more simpler substances by chemical means. In the event where compounds are heated or broken down, it produces simpler substances that had been used to create it. An element consists of atoms of a homogeneous type that are kept close together by bonds. There exist a hundred and seventeen recognized elements where less than thirty of them, have been developed in the laboratory by bombard smaller units with naturally occurring elements. However, they are radioactive and can easily revert prickle into their natural existing elements. When a pure substance is broken down, and there exist presence of hetero-atomic molecules, whence the substance is a compound since the atoms are different indicating presence of different elements. Elements contain mono-atomic molecules. In chemistry, litmus test papers have been used to test the presence of acids and bases which are compounds. While reviewing a sample, qualitative analytic thinking reveals whether it is an element or a compound present in the sample. Examples are electrophoresis used in DNA pattern identification, chemical tests and X Ray Crystallography. Ionic bonds forms mostly between metals and non metals (cations that are positively charged and anions that hold a negative charge). Metals will always react to loose free electrons in the outer shell while non metals gain them. These types of bonds are very

Biases and Judgment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Biases and Judgment - Essay ExampleSeveral biases equal decisions, such as bias, or ethical issues related to to the availability heuristic and bias related to the congressman heuristic. Bias related to the availability heuristic pertains to being biased for information that is easier to recall and presumed as related (Korte, 2003, p.447). Bias related to the representative heuristic refers to evaluating situations using traits that represent stereotyped beliefs and values (Korte, 2003, p.447).The first pattern bias that I dealt with is related to anchoring and adjustment. Anchoring refers to focusing too much on an anchor or proper(postnominal) value in making decisions (Korte, 2003, p.447). Adjustment of decision-making occurs, when the decision becomes solely or greatly based on this anchor, instead of a wide range of factors (Korte, 2003, p.447). In order to deal with this bias, I used brooding decision-making, with expedient factors. Reflective decision-making pertains to having a long-term approach to decision-making, while expedience requires making fast decisions, a great deal to achieve short-term goals (Hoch & Kunreuther, 2001, p.106). I needed to use reflective thinking, because I wanted to determine the latent anchors that I tend to use during making decisions. For instance, identifying the criteria for establishing an effective and efficient human resource department requires selecting the remedy factors and weighing them appropriately. I avoided anchoring and adjustment by considering different aspects of the problem, such as employee sentiments, resources, and situational factors. The organizations needs a to a greater extent concrete HR system, but they can non afford a whole-unit approach to HR. Some people would also not be open to professionalizing their HR systems, because of fear for drastic organizational changes that will upset the status quo. Instead,

Hand Hygiene Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hand Hygiene - Research Paper Example98) Recent statistics accent the seriousness of this make out as about 80,000 people die annually because of infections that result out of compact(p) impart hygienics. (p. 98) Description of Literature on the Subject Hand hygienics is considered part of the fundamental health c are standards for health care providers. It is expected, hence, that it is sufficiently covered in the corpus of aesculapian literary works, particularly in health care service. To verify this, several medical references were exhausted, ranging from medical standards, disease treatment and control, best practices in the industry, to medical guides for professional health care, among other related sources. A special attention was given to those nursing-related references. The investigation of the literature revealed a comprehensive and detailed academic works that have been belowtaken according to scientific and medical standards. both in all, the literature is cre dible, authoritative and complete. Effective Hand Hygiene The book, The Foundation of Nursing (2005), explained that hand hygiene includes hand washing ( exploitation plain soap and water), germfree hand wash (using antimicrobial substances and water), antiseptic hand rub (using alcohol-based hand rub), and surgical hand antisepsis (using antiseptic hand wash or antiseptic hand rub preoperatively by surgical personnel to eliminate transient resident hand flora). (White, p. 527) numerous sources are one in explaining in detail the physical processs by which the previously outlined hand hygiene procedures can be effectively carried out. Gregory and Mursell (2010) summed them into the following guide 1. All wrist and hand jewelry should be removed prior to hand-cleansing. Cuts and abrasions must be covered with waterproof dressings. Finger nails should be kept short and free from nail polish. 2. Hand washing techniques involve three phases preparation, washing and rinsing, and dryi ng a. Wet the hands under running tepid water BEFORE applying cleaning preparations. b. Hand wash solution must pursue into linkup with ALL of the surfaces of the hand. c. The hand must be RUBBED together for between 10 to 15 seconds nonrecreational particular attention to the tips of the fingers, the thumb and the areas between the fingers. d. Hands should be rinsed thoroughly before drying. 3. When decontaminating hands using an alcohol hand-rub, hands should be free of dirt and organic material. The hand-rub solution must come into contact with all surfaces of the hand. (p. 231) Current Practice Even though hand hygiene requires very simple procedure and supposedly form part of the standard routines of medical professionals, its entry rate is as low as 50%. (Creedon 2005, p. 208-216) Mayers (2009) work was more detailed and dismal in depicting this statistics. He found that compliance with hand hygiene and proper glove use ranged from 9% to 25%. (p. 1284) Indeed, according to Dixons (2008) research, stave members do not wash hands enough, at the right time to employ optimal technique and that efforts at interventions such as education and training in order to increase compliance are not overly successful. (p. 247) Several reasons are given why medical service providers fail to practice proper hand hygiene besides sheer neglect. Some of these are listed below 1. dermatitis and skin problems, which fall upon that frequency of

INVESTIGATING AUSTRALIAN RADIOGRAPHERS' PERCEPTIONS ON ADVANCED Research Paper

INVESTIGATING AUSTRALIAN RADIOGRAPHERS PERCEPTIONS ON ADVANCED PRACTICE WITH EMPHASIS ON compute INTERPRETATION AND INVOLVED TR - Research Paper ExampleWith advanced radiographic utilise, radiographers are allowed not exactly to acquire medical digits but to perform skills formerly restricted to former(a) specialists, such as image interpretation (Hardy and others 2008, e16) and clinical assessment. It was said that the main benefit of this system is to free physicians and other highly-trained specialists to concentrate on their essential function that is, to diagnose and to treat (Australian Institute of Radiography 2009). United Kingdom leads the development in advanced radiographic practice (Cowling 2008), with the radiographers roles changing towards diagnosis and even radiation therapy over the last twenty years (Australian Institute of Radiography 2009). However, some(prenominal) countries still have not fully original advanced practice. In Australia, while there have been attempts to implement role expansion, advanced practice has not been officially established (Burrow and others 2006). This is despite the fact that the country has shortage of radiologists attributed to reduced working hours and small rung growth rate increase (Smith and Baird 2008). Several reasons were identified for this uncertainty in Australia including resistance from the medical hands and radiographer education, thereby affecting radiographers perception towards advanced practice. Given the situation, it is necessary to explore the aspects of advanced practice in Australia since resistance to it may lead to reduced standards and recognition of the profession of the radiographers (Cowling 2008). United Kingdom vs. Australia A Comparison The demand for radiologists due to the increasing population has been regarded as the major factor that drives the need for advanced radiographic practice worldwide. Between United Kingdom and Australia, the fleck of patients per radiol ogist is greater for the latter (Smith and Baird 2007, 629). However, when it comes to the number of examinations per year, reports show that United Kingdom has more compared to Australia (Smith and Baird 2007, 629). While imbalance between supply and demand exists in these two countries, each adapted a different approach in carrying pop out advanced practice. harmonize to Cowling (2008, e29), advanced radiographic practice worldwide can be classified at several levels. United Kingdom belongs to the first level which is characterized by the presence of driving forces such as disposal intervention, research, graduate programs and professional organizations that lead to implementation of advanced practice in the field (Cowling 2008, e29). On the other hand, Australia only belongs to the second level, in which despite the presence of the same driving forces, implementation has not been carried out to remarkable levels (Cowling 2008, e29). In United Kingdom, government policy has been directed towards enhancing the National health Service thus, bestow to the advancement of radiographers roles and practice (Australian Institute of Radiography 2009, 28). In fact, the government has increased funds for the National Health Service (Smith and Baird

Vera Drake Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Vera Drake - Movie Review ExampleThe real shocking element with Vera is that she is introduced as completely dedicated to her family and her duties as wife and bring forth. Keeping this horrible arcanum from her family and being undisturbed for many years, for her this was a regular visit to someones house and helping them out of the situation. At the time single women in particular would be socially and economically condemned if they got an illegitimate child. So in order to avoid the catastrophic situation, women would do anything to save their social appearance and image. What the film tries to imply to the earreach is that the heroine acts on the bases of her own principles and she is guided by her good will to save the women and empower them with the right to get back for themselves what is best for them.What we do not expect from the movie is that such a kind and agreeable, wife and mother would ever thought of performing illegal abortions at a time when social norms and r estrictions do not justify it. Vera possesses the inner strength and stamina to do these procedures and she is always soothing the misfortune women showing qabalistic understanding and support for their situation. The director very carefully explores and plays with the roles that Vera fulfills - wife, mother and criminal. Though we are introduced to Veras family, friends and social border we are never given the argument what made Vera into practicing the then illegal abortions. So we can solo assume that she is doing it out of her good will and belief that she is helping. She is supported by her response when the inspector comes into her home. In fact, they never ask her what she is doing, she gives her in by admitting that she k right offs already wherefore they are here. And she replies I help girls out. exploitation this euphemism leads us to believe that her desire is to aid the girls. Veras action can be best described as getting girls out of trouble. Another evidence of h er good will is that she is not taking money. sort of she is brought food or milk or other ingredients. When asked more or less that she is repulsed. It seems that her explanation is far more manifold than simply gaining extra cash. Veras discreet services and house to house visits give away that she is oblivious about taking advantage of womens situations and instead risks it all - her family and her good name in order to assist the women in their desire to make abortion. The audience is also given other perspectives after Veras arrest. We have Regs opinion (Veras young lady potential husband) - It aint fair. Me mum brought up six of us in two rooms. If you cant feed em, you cant love em, now can you His point shows understanding about the role that women play as mothers, homemakers and care providers. Vera has very lovesome bond with her husband - Stan. What he thinks about her arrest is that Whatever she done, she done it out of the goodness of her inwardness Since the view ers have to rely on clues that other characters give away, Stan and Reg provide us with possible explanations why Vera initiated her actions. The reason for Veras arrest is a life threatening mishap that happened to one of her customers a daughter of a wealthy bourgeoisie family for whom Vera cleans. Susans desperation is as intense as Veras

Heart Rate and Blood Pressure Responses to Warm Whirlpool Treatment Article

Heart roll and Blood Pressure Responses to Warm Whirlpool Treatment - Article ExampleThe human carcass in normal conditions has a temperature set point of 37 degrees Centigrade, which whitethorn get altered during the circadian rhythm, afterward sleep loss, during hypobaria, and subsequent to dehydration. The stability in temperature that the body maintains is achieved by maintaining a balance between the tread of heat production that occurs mainly through metabolism and stride of heat lost or gained from the environment. dominion rules of thermodynamics are involved in this transfer of heat from the body and to the body. Differences between the temperature the skin and the environment is the government factor in the thermodynamics involved (Lloyd, 1994). The thermodynamics involved in the enterprise of the body to maintain the setpoint temperature of 37 degrees Centigrade is obligated for the thermal stimulus on hemodynamics, and it is for this case that causes Ishijima an d Togawa, 1999, to maintain that clean in hot piddle puts assay on the boob.The human body in normal conditions has a temperature set point of 37 degrees Centigrade, which may get altered during the circadian rhythm, after sleep loss, during hypobaria, and subsequent to dehydration. The stability in temperature that the body maintains is achieved by maintaining a balance between the rate of heat production that occurs mainly through metabolism and rate of heat lost or gained from the environment. Normal rules of thermodynamics are involved in this transfer of heat from the body and to the body. Differences between the temperature the skin and the environment is the governing factor in the thermodynamics involved (Lloyd, 1994). The thermodynamics involved in the attempt of the body to maintain the setpoint temperature of 37 degrees Centigrade is responsible for the thermal stimulus on hemodynamics, and it is for this reason that causes Ishijima and Togawa, 1999, to maintain that bathing in hot water puts stress on the heart. According to Press, 1991, this stress on the heart originates from the increase pressure from the water causing vasodilation, profuse perspiration leading to a decrease in the extracellular volume of blood, increase in hematocrit levels with shortened clotting times, and an increase in the consumption of oxygen, cod to the conditions of the environment saunas, spas, and hot tub baths. This raises the possibility of cardiac arrests resulting in patients during their use of saunas, spas and hot water tubs, with concomitant emphasis on individuals with a history of cardiovascular problems (Press, 1991). Such an understanding of the hemodynamics associated with an individual in the environmental conditions of hot tub baths, has caused physicians to warn individuals with elevated blood pressure levels and cardiac problems on the possible risks they count in hot water baths (Shin, Wilson & Wilson, 2003). Nagasawa, et al, 2001, points out t hat there is the risk of sudden death from hot water baths as such deaths have been associated with bathing in hot water. This try out aims to answer the question of how heart rate and blood pressure changes during a full body warm up vortex treatment. The purpose of the study is to observe changes in the heart rate and blood pressure that occur with a warm whirlpool treatment as against the heart rate and blood pressure at rest and hypothesize the reason why certain special populations are advised precautions in the use of warm whirlpool treatments or hot tub baths. The study revolves around the hypothesis that heart rate will increase with warm whirlpool treatment and there will be a decrease in blood pressure.

Organizational theory and design Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

organisational theory and design - Assignment ExampleAccording to Tseng (2003), mass customization is output of service as surface as products that meet customers unavoidably at personal level. This is where the customized products reflect the normal production cost but unlike a normal product, they meet more needs. Firms, just like manufactures, be possessed of their main objective as customer satisfaction. Therefore, incorporating mass customization in immobiles will greatly impact in service provision and customer satisfaction. There are various types of mass customization that firms can put into regard in implementing mass customization. These types include transparent customization, adaptive customization, collaborative customization, and cosmetic customization. Collaborative customization involves seeking primary information from special(prenominal) customers on the kind of product they would prefer. On other hand, adaptive customization is where a firm produces product s that are standard and customizable to the hands of the final user while transparent customization involves production of unique for specific customers. Finally, cosmetic customization involves producing a standard product but they are marketed in unique ways to incompatible customers. For firms to succeed in mass customization they need to capitalize on investigating more on customers needs in relation to service provision. This can be achieved through market research such as identifying the market niche that need to be satisfied, its uniqueness and finally the target market. For example, in the banking sector the services are custom made according to the needs, age, gender, and income levels of its customers.Superior management in any firm involves the managers personally coping with situations that ought to be learned through the help of their experience and interpretation of the surrounding environment (Pine and Davis, 1999). bollock training

Motivational Strategy and Action Plan Essay Example for Free

Motivational Strategy and Action Plan undertakeDetermine the motivational strategy or strategies that would likely be most appropriate for each of your iii employees on basis of their individual characteristics. Indicate how you would leverage their employee evaluations to motivate each of the three employees. Describe genius or to a greater extent of the motivational theories and explain how the theories connect to each of your selected motivational strategies. Team Member tropeSummary of Individual Characteristics Motivational Strategy and Action Plan Relevant Theory Tina Engaged impassioned Persistent Inspirational Leader Happy Emotional stable This employee would not really need a great deal motivation, since already in engaged, passionate and is a leader at work. I would suggest that the employee uses an action architectural plan to continue with positive attitude. Also since the employee has passed reviews, to advance in progress with promotions in the company. McC lelland theory is relevant to this moorage.It relates to this situation because for the most part the employee is happy at the job. Brittany Competitive Good communicator Influential Independent Emotional diligently thinker This employee shouldnt much motivation since she is so competitive. However we could motivate her to be more engaged and happy at job since so emotional. An action plan for this strategy would be to assign her to do task she is interested and likes to do that are easy and take little thought since she is a quick thinker.This situation relates to the self-efficiency theory because employee is independent. She likes to do things on her own and feels she can. Denise Timid Considerate Neutral decision ecclesiastic Eager Happy with job Encouraging This employee needs motivation in company involvement in communication since timid and shy. She can demonstrate these skills in an action plan by being more involved in conferences, presentations, and meetings. This situ ation could be also related to the McClelland theory because for the employee is happy with job, but in that location is room for opportunity.

Phobias Definition Essay Example for Free

Phobias Definition EssayWhen mint see the address one and direction together, they either have a mini heart attack due to extremum excitement or they simply disregard the subject. I am the mini heart attack sheath therefore, I have done my research on the infamous band. While doing this, I found an provoke fun fact. Liam Payne, the whiz Direction middleman, is petrified of spoons, yes the eating utensils. He claims to not have a reason as to why, but according to psychology and logic, there has to be some kind of an origin, some kind of crosstie made to spoons. So whether you are the mini heart attack type or the disregarder, strike up your psychoanalytical minds with the explanations I have theorized. Here is what I have come up with * When Liam Payne was a child, he had an unfortunate event involving a spoon. When I was a kid, I was washing the dishes and there was a spacious knife in the sink. I couldnt see the dishes because the water was bubbly, so I had no compreh ension as to where the knife was.When I put my hands in to grab a dish, I scarce happened to slice my hand open with the huge knife. Ever since then, whenever I see a knife or my mom wants me to cut something with one, I subconsciously associate whatever knife she is displaying for me to cut to that incident so long ago therefore, I do not use them, at all. (Its a authentically good way to get out of washing dishes, by the way.) Anyways, I believe that Liam had one of these chilling situations with a spoon and now has a phobia. * Genetics. Yes, there are genetic factors associated with phobias.A good follow of people with phobias have relatives with similar phobias or symptoms such as fears and a take to the woodsency to avoid trustworthy circumstances. My sister-in-law, Edith, is afraid of cockroaches, just like her mother and now, her younger sister. Perhaps, one of Liam Paynes relatives has a similar phobia. * Everybody uses spoons in Britain. Daring to be different? Liam P ayne isnt incredibly different from other people but maybe, in this situation, he wanted to go against the current. Liam is British.A very stereotypical assumption about British people is that they drink a lot of tea therefore, they use spoons a lot. It is also stereotypical to say that they tend to eat scones scones are also eaten with a spoon. Some people just like to rebel against their last Although the word phobia literally means irrational fear, I believe one of these theories is correct. I dont have the materials to prove this but one day, the truth will set me devoid and I will know the rational reason of Liam Paynes silly terror of spoons. Louis Tomlinson, the oldest member of One Direction apparently likes ladies that eat carrots. Maybe its just an odd, irrational band.

Pre-testing Essay Example for Free

Pre-testing EssayPre-testing is a method that attempts to improve ideas and prototypes for submitting them to the relevant group representatives and obtaining their results before the final examination stage (Varkevisser, Pathmanathan Brownlee, 2003). It may besides involve checking whether the material produced is appropriate for the group. It is conducted to determine which the best method to using up (Kumar, 2005). Pre-testing is commonly utilise for methods of collecting entropy since new(prenominal) methods such as questionnaires, interviewer instructions and observation ar frequently pr unmatchable to subjective interpretation and may distort the results. Need for pre-testing messages and materials in communication schema Pretest helps ensure that materials convey a clear and effective message to a programs marker audience (Paliwoda Ryans, 2008). It is valuable at several stages of message and material development. Some methods can be used used in early stages to test concepts while other methods atomic number 18 more useful when materials are close to final form. It is important to pretest the communication content that is to be produced before finalizing them(Kumar, 2005).By doing so it depart give room to gauge reactions, revise the concept and communication materials or may be make better our strategy if its likely to produce undesired results. It is important to make drafts, samples or outlines of materials we intend to produce (Poscente, Rothstein Irvine, 2002). For pre-testing use of goods and servicess, one can make drafts, outlines or samples of the materials we intend to develop. Subgroups of population with which pre-testing is done Subgroup analyses in addition to the total debate population are common in clinical trials.It is well recognized that findings from subgroup analyses do not provide confirmatory evidence for subgroup treatment (Kumar, 2005). PRETESTING METHODS According to Kumar (2005), the approximately widel y used pre-testing tool is the cognitive interview. The other method is central location intercept concept which purpose is to obtain many individual reactions. thither is also focus group, which purpose is to obtain insights about audience concerns, beliefs, reactions, and vocabulary.Theartre testing is another method which purpose is to obtain many respondents at once, measure and recall under conditions that simulate actual viewing. There is also self-administered questionnaire, which can be mailed or personally delivered (Paliwoda Ryans, 2008). Omnibus survey is also used where data on a wide variety of subjects is collected during the same interview. Interpreting results from pre-testing and refining the messagesRefine the most promising concepts and develop messages using your own creative briefs using your creative briefs, results from your concept testing, and a review of relevant communication and behavioral theories. Ensure that you revise the existing materials if necess ary. Information messages should communicate nearly crucial characteristics such as accuracy, completeness, and relevancy (Paliwoda Ryans, 2008). REFERENCES Kumar, R, (2005). Research Methodology a yard by step guide for beginners.Vancouver VC Sage publications Paliwoda S. J. and Ryans J. K. (2008). Business and economics. Massachusetts MA, Edward Elgar, Poscente, N. , Rothstein, M. , Irvine, M. J. (2002). Using marketing research methods to evaluate a stage-specific intervention. American Journal of Health Behavior, 26, 243-251. Varkevisser C. M. , Pathmanathan I. and Brownlee A. T. (2003) Designing and conducting health systems research projects Proposal development and fieldwork, Volume 1 Washington DC, IDRC.

Influences on F. Scott Fitzgeralds writing in The Great Gatsby Essay Example for Free

Influences on F. Scott Fitzgeralds writing in The prominent Gatsby EssayThe Roaring twenties was a period of frivolous days and evoke nights. Times were prosperous and life was good for most. In The immense Gatsby, published in 1925, F. Scott Fitzgerald writes slightly the fictitious life of Jay Gatsby, a self-made millionaire (Gross 1). The setting of the legend is New York in the twenties, a time, and place, where people were jovial and carefree. In New York, more than anywhere, people did non worry about lifes downs, but focused on the highlife and partying. Prohibition made partying difficult, but it prevailed nonetheless. In the new(a), Fitzgeralds description of humans was of an appalling nature. He shows them as careless, greedy, and inconsiderate much like they genuinely were in this decade. Inevitably he would become involved in some type of lackadaisical ways. Fitzgeralds writings were significantly influenced by these surroundings. In The Great Gatsby, F. Sco tt Fitzgeralds writing was profoundly influenced by events in his life, the exciting times he actived in, and the people he knew.Born on September 24, 1986 to a wealthy merchant family, Francis Scott Key Fitzgerald showed signs of an warning(a) writing ability (Dyson, 1380). As a small boy, Fitzgerald began writing down his thoughts and ideas. He frequently wrote about his life.While in school, Fitzgerald was very self-criticizing and did not dumbfound many friends. He was not very usual at school, although he greatly wanted to be. Just like Fitzgerald, Gatsby did not like who he was, so he decided to change himself. In the novel, Gatsby has a list of things he wants to change about himself. He called them his General Resolves and they were No wasting time at Shafters, no more smoking or chewing, bathroom every other(a) day, read one improving book or magazine per week, save $3.00 per week, and be better to his parents (Fitzgerald 182). As Fitzgerald grew, so did his attitude towards life. He kept writing. Fitzgerald attended Princeton, but quit in poor after he began (Young Adult Authors 58). Fitzgerald, like Gatsby, wanted to live and adventure. Soon after the war started, Fitzgerald sign up hoping to see the adventure of his life. He only got as far as the coastline. Fitzgerald, unlike Gatsby was not send to the war, so he married Zelda Sayre (Hickey 345).In The Great Gatsby, Gatsby lost his lovebecause he had to foment in the war. Fitzgerald was writing in comparison to his own life, or what might have been if he had been sent off to fight in the war. Since Fitzgerald was not sent to war, and he had to make a living somehow, he began writing for small papers. He and Zelda settled down and had children. His life was now beginning to feel right. In 1922, Fitzgerald came upon the idea for The Great Gatsby. Shortly after his arrival in France, Fitzgerald completed the most brilliant novel he would ever write. Ric tall(prenominal) Lehan said, Fitzger ald was in position to write a master work like The Great Gatsby everything in his life had been building toward this moment (Lehan 2). Fitzgeralds life, like Gatsbys, had become a series of exciting parties and rich people lifestyles. Barry Gross described Fitzgeralds life like thisFitzgerald was conscious about his social position because his parents had a hard time coming up with money for support. He was always trying to impress people by his estate. His parents were not that wealthy either, so he took his own route to achieve happiness. (Gross 18)In the 1920s, the paparazzi were aware of his chip lifestyle. Gatsbys life was but as daring and glamorous as his. Fitzgerald did some illegal activities such as drinking, and forging bonds. Gatsby was also involved in bond forgery and prohibition rebellions. For Fitzgerald, life was better than it had ever been, but to his great dismay it would not last. The key reality in his life was that between his twenty-eighth and thirty-four th year, he wasnt able to write a new novel. Fitzgerald began drinking and stopped writing. His wife Zelda began having effective mental problems, which dramatically affected Fitzgerald. He very much love his wife, just as Gatsby loved Daisy. Fitzgerald was a dreamer. He though everything would turn out fine, just as Gatsby had, but he was faulty and had to recompense for it in the end.The roaring twenties was a time of parties, and socializing. Times were prosperous and people just wanted to enjoy themselves. Since the war was over, soldiers were back at home, working and taking care of their families. There was a sense of rebellion in the States at this time. The rich were lazyand slapdash, which, in The Great Gatsby, was visualized by their very shoddy driving abilities. Times were excellent, for most, and people were beginning to just have a good time. Many people were so rich they had no need to work, so they had to occupy themselves with other things. Prohibition began in 1 919 (Moss, Wilson 148). People did not like the idea though, so they started revolting the law. Gangsters would bum or so strong drink and other kinds of alcohol to people who wanted it, but for a price. In The Great Gatsby, Gatsby is involved in these illegal activities. Gatsby always had alcohol at his parties. His wealth gave him things that normal people couldnt have.He invited hundreds of guests to his parties, and most of them got highly intoxicated before the night was over. The female crowds at Gatsbys parties show how women really dressed and acted in the twenties. Bobbed hair, shortstop dresses, bright red lipstick, and long strands of pearls with a knot tied in them were female fads of the elite citizens. Jordan bread maker personified women of the 1920s with her independent and proud attitude towards life (Moss, Wilson 147). Independence was a major influence in the twenties, not just for women, but for men also. The American dream had three key parts. The first was that America was a new Eden with endless opportunity. The second idea was that everyone born in America should comport life to get better and better. The last, and most important, was to be an independent, self-reliant individual and you would triumph over all.In the conclusion of The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald connects Gatsbys dream, his platonic conception of himself with the American Dream (Mizener 2). Gatsby believed that everything would work out fine, and that he would get Daisy soon enough. Gatsbys dreams were never realized though. He never ran off with Daisy, and he was killed by mistaken identity. In The Great Gatsby, Fitzgerald shows how the American dream faded out during the later part of the decade. The valley of ashes,= where Myrtle lived vie an important role in explaining this to the readers. Dr. J. T. Eckleburgs eyes faded away as the novel went on, symbolizing the adulteration of the American Dream.In The Great Gatsby, F. Scott Fitzgerald makes several allusions to how he came up with the characters. Fitzgerald shows, in many ways, how he sculpturesque Gatsby after his own life and the things that happened to him. Gatsby and Fitzgerald both wanted to be something different. Fitzgerald had a hard time qualification friends while he was a child. When he began writing and getting recognition, his life changed. He was a partier, and had a wild lifestyle. Gatsby, like Fitzgerald, wanted to be someone different. He changed his name from James Gatz to Jay Gatsby. As Gatsby was a bootlegger and bond forger, so was Fitzgerald, though he was not as into it as Gatsby might have been. Fitzgeralds wife Zelda and Gatsbys love Daisy share many qualities also. Fitzgerald portrays Daisy as white in the novel, suggesting that is a faade for who she truly is. The white she wears gives her a nave and innocent appearance, but her impolite actions seem to prove otherwise. Fitzgerald described Daisy as the girl whose disembodied face floated along the dark corner s and blinding signs (Moss, Wilson 150).The cover artwork of the novel shows an deterrent example of this idea. The floating relates that Gatsby always had Daisy floating in his mind, as well as Fitzgerald had Zelda floating in his. twain Zelda and Daisy were beautiful and demanded great things from their suitors. Another person that relates to one of Fitzgeralds characters was a man named Arnold Rothstein. In The Great Gatsby, Gatsby told incision that Meyer Wolfshiem, a man Gatsby introduced to him, was the one who set up the World Series in 1919. Rothstein was said to have fixed the 1919 World Series. Arnold Rothstein placed bets to lose the series, and since they were playing against Cincinnati, they were going to win (Moss, Wilson 149).Jordan Baker, a tennis participant that Nick fell in love with, relates to the whole of women in the twenties. She was loud, pushy, flashy, and had very short hair. In the 1920s, women toss their old ways of life. They were no longer proper and silent. Women in the twenties were showy and loud. They wore short skirts and short hair. They smoked cigarettes in public and spit on the ground. Jordan Baker was the independent women of the 1920s personified.The Great Gatsby is cataclysm of wealth, love, and frivolous pleasures. F. Scott Fitzgerald expressed most of what actually happened in the 1920s in this one novel. The illegal bootlegging, ever-changing women, and happy times of the twenties are all described. Because Fitzgerald was alive in the twenties, he was able to live what he wrote about. He had personal experience with bootlegging and ostentatious women. Fitzgeralds life events also helped him write The Great Gatsby. His wanting to be different helpedhim come up with the character Gatsby. Zelda, his wife, helped him come up with Daisy Buchanan, and people around him helped him shape other characters. In The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgeralds writing was profoundly influenced by dealings in his life, the exciting decade, and people he was around.

Narcissism in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Narcissism in the Workplace EssayI. Introduction and PurposeHaving an promote self-attitude, being self-assured, and having high self-esteem ar worthwhile attributes in both work and personal purport some take these positive attributes to the extreme and become self-regarding, self-adoring, egocentric, and fork over miniscule empathy for the problems and concerns of others. These batch can be considered narcissists, and they can be especially problematic in business settings. narcists in work faces, I deal, are more problematic than beneficial. They tend to cause problems in the workplace turn up-of-pocket to their toxic personalities. The purpose of this research paper is to prove my point that narcissists are more harmful in a workplace surroundings than helpful.I ordain point out the ill lucks of companies due to vain leading. Although there are companies that are prosperous who have had a narcissistic leader such as Jack Welch and his company General Electric , it will not be covered in this paper. Secondly, I will make the point that narcissists as leadershiphip are toxic for companies due to their relationship patterns and how it can hurt the business. Freuds three display cases of personalities relate to interactions surrounded by commonwealth that helps further prove the point that narcissists are not beneficial in workplace environments. Thirdly, I will discuss possible techniques to cope with narcissistic leaders and how employees can get their opinions across to their leaders.II. Failures due to self-conceited LeadersAs narcissists become progressively self-assured, they act more impulsively. They feel free of constrictions, and their ideas and beliefs flourish. They swear theyre invincible, which further inspires happeners enthusiasm and feeds into feelings of grandiosity. One example of a companys failure due to self-love is Pehr Gyllenhammar and Volvo. He had a vision that attracted a broad international audiencea plan to transform the industrial workplace by substituting the dehumanizing assembly line mimicked in Chaplins Modern Times. His wildly popular vision called for team-based craftsmanship. Model factories were built and publicized to international praise. But his winner in pushing through these dramatic changes also sowed the seeds for his downfall. Gyllenhammar started to feel he could ignore the concerns of his operational managers. He pursued chancy and expensive new business deals, which he publicized on television and in the press.On one level, you can assign Gyllenhammars falling out of touch with his workforce hardly due to faulty dodge. But it is also possible to blame it to his narcissistic personality. His overestimation of himself led him to believe that others would want him to be the leader of a worldwide enterprise. In turn, these fantasies led him to pursue a alliance with Renault, which was extremely unpopular with Swedish employees. Because Gyllenhammar was deaf to com plaints about Renault, Swedish managers were forced to take their case public. In the end, shareholders aggressively rejected Gyllenhammars plan, leaving him with no favourion but to resign.At the University of Amsterdam, a area was taken by Nevicka Babora to determine whether or not narcissists make for good leaders. The study recruited 150 participants that were divided up into groups of three. One person was randomly assigned to be the groups leader all were told they could tot up advice, but that the leader was responsible for making the decision. Then they undertook a group task choosing a moving in candidate. Of 45 items of information about the candidate, some were given to all three, and some to all one of the participants.The experiment was designed so that using only the information all three were privy to, the group would opt for a lesser candidate. Sharing all the information that was given would lead to the beaver choice. After the interviews, the participants b lameless questionnaires. The leaders questions measured narcissism the others assessed the leaders authority and effectiveness. As expected, the group members rated the about narcissistic leaders as most effective. But they were wrong. In fact, groups led by the greatest egotists chose the worse candidate for the job. Barbora verbalize The narcissistic leaders had a very negative effect on their performance. They inhibited the communication because of self-seeking and authoritarianism.III. Narcissistic Relationships in the WorkplaceAs narcissists move higher up in position in a company, they are more probably to maintain relationships with coworkers who are willing to conform to their ideas and motives. Some people believe narcissists attain the workplace environment because they are good at making relationships quickly with groups of people by charming people with their charismatic personality at the first initial meeting. They also benefit the company by them willing, and abl e to make whatever personal sacrifices are necessary to gain personality and position. Taken to a certain degree, these narcissistic traits are valuable to the person and the organization. They signal leader. Yet, as Manfred Kets de Vries has said, narcissism is a strange matter, a double-edged sword. Having either too much or too little of it can throw a person off balance.Narcissists will often become obsessed with gaining major power and control. They tend to make decisions on impulse, with no second thoughts, leading to potential problems. Narcissists have trouble works with others and they often do not take blame for their mistakes and they do not like to share credit for successes. Leaders with a narcissistic personality often like to surround themselves with an unquestioning loyal and unscholarly staff because they do not like to feel threatened by a colleague. Also, they exploit others forming relationships only with those he or she feels will advance his or her goals an d self-esteem. Jon Carlzon, former CEO of the Scandinavian airline SAS, is a textbook example of how a narcissists weakness can cut short a brilliant career. Carlzon compared the ideal organization to the Brazilian soccer team there would be no situated roles, only innovative plays.When another input of thought of a more military form of organization was added that disagreed with Carlzons belief, he stated, Well, that whitethorn be true, if your goal is to shoot your customers. He did not engage in serious dialogue with his subordinates, displaying his trait of self-interest. He also ignored the issue of high costs, even when others pointed out SAS could not compete without improving productivity. He spent tons of money investing in uncalled-for items right before his company filed for bankruptcy. Carlzons self-image became so enormously inflated that his feet left the ground.Freud The Three Types of PersonalitiesFreud identify three main types of personalities erotic, obsessive, and narcissistic. Most of us have elements of all three therefore, we are all slightly narcissistic. One type of personality will dominate over the other, making us react otherwise to success and failure. i. Erotics tend to be the compassionate and caring. They care about being loved and believe that it is most important. Erotics are mutually beneficial on people they fear will stop loving them. Erotics are generally teachers, social workers, and nurses positions which help others in need. Erotics do not make the best leaders because they try to avoid conflict as much as possible and they make people dependent on them. According to Freud, they are the outer-directed people. ii. Compared to erotics, obsessives are more inner-directed. These people tend to be more self-reliant and conscientious. They make the most effective managers in a workplace environment due to their ability to raise and maintain order.They are incessantly looking for ways to help people harken and underst and break in to resolve conflicts and find win-win opportunities. Obsessives want to constantly improve due to their conscience and their sense of moral improvement. The best obsessives communicate effectively and set very high standards. They make sure that all procedures are followed agree to plan and within the budget. The most productive obsessives tend to be great mentors and team players. iii. The third type of personality is narcissistic. Narcissists are not easily impressed and independent. In business, they are driven by their induction to gain power and glory.The best narcissists go above and beyond being experts in their industries and they crave the companionship to know everything about the companies and products. Compared to erotics, they want to be admired not loved. They are not afraid to prove their feelings and put others back in pursuit of their goals. At the moment of success, narcissists are at the greatest lay on the line of isolating themselves out of al l three personality types. Narcissists constantly look for enemies due to their independence and aggressiveness. The most toxic relationships to be made are with narcissists out of the three personality types because they are the most unstable. Generally, a relationship with a narcissist is short term because of their fear of having someone be more pucka than them and due to their independence.IV. How to CopeNarcissists are not likely to realize they do not have narcissistic personality disorder nor do they know how to react when they sense they are being targeted. The best thing for a person to do in order to work well with a narcissist is to follow along with the narcissists ideas or plans. The best way to determine if a leader is a narcissist is finding certain qualities that narcissists display. If he or she talks frequently about him or herself, and constantly uses the word I and bullies and abuses those who work for him and intimidates others to get his way, these are signs o f a narcissist. Also, another sign would be in public if he or she presents himself or herself as patient, congenial, and confident however, in private is smug, arrogant, snobbish, and patronizing to subordinates and coworkers.The biggest side you should try to avoid is not to confront the destructive narcissist directly. Confrontation with them can lead to passionateness and a feeling of being attacked, causing a highly malicious response. Whatever happens, stay as calm as possible and behave in an admiring manner to calm the narcissist down. Never show that you are afraid of a narcissist for they will try to use it to think that you are of level authority than them. Get everything you can in writing and keep notes of things that narcissists may lie, bluff, threaten, and deceive about.Narcissists are likely to apologize when they have no one on their side if a mist of an argument or disagreement. They will confess their wrong doings and ask for forgiveness however, they will not mean or believe what he or she is saying. Narcissists rarely see their wrong-doings until they have no one that is admiring them, so they may fake their emotions in order for the person to feel guilty and put the blame for the situation on themselves. This also relates to narcissists taking back the things they say in order for themselves to get out of tight situations. seem the destructive narcissist to break contracts and agreements. Protect yourself emotionally and financially from betrayal. Have a backup strategy should the destructive narcissist go back on his word, which he or she probably will.V. ConclusionNarcissistic leaders are bad for companies due to their constant admiration of themselves and inability to take criticism well. They listen to only the information they seek and they dont learn easily from others. If a company is at its highest stress level, adding a narcissist to the stress load may cause the company failure.Works CitedBoyett, Joseph H., Ph.D. hold out the Destructive Narcissistic Leader. Apr. 2006. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. Bruner, Robert, and Robert Spekman. Alliances Lessons from Volvo- Renault. 2 Apr. 1998. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. Grunes, Dennis. MODERN TIMES (Charles Chaplin, 1936). MODERN TIMES (Charles Chaplin, 1936). 06 Nov. 2011. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. http//grunes.wordpress.com/2007/11/06/modern-times-charles-chaplin-1936/. Konnikova, Maria. The Narcissistic Leader Not as Good as He (Or You) May Think. 24 Oct. 2011. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. http//www.maccoby.com/Articles/NarLeaders.shtml. Maccoby, Michael. Harvard Business Review. Proc. of Weaknesses of the Narcissistic Leader. 02 Aug. 2006. Web. 28 Nov. 2012. http//www.maccoby.com/Articles/NarLeaders.shtml. Maccoby, Michael. Narcissistic Leaders The Incredile Pros, the Inevitable Cons. Jan. 2004. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. Nevicka, Barbora. Narcissists Look handle Good LeadersBut They Arent Association for Psychological Science RSS. 09 Aug. 2011. Web. 26 Nov. 2012. http//www.psychologicalscience.or g/index.php/news/releases/narcissists-look-like-good-leadersbut-they-arent.html. 1 . Grunes, Dennis. MODERN TIMES (Charles Chaplin, 1936). 2 . Bruner, Robert, and Robert Spekman. Alliances Lessons 3 . Nevicka, Barbora. Narcissists Look Like Good LeadersBut They Arent 4 . Quoted in Andrea Giampetro-Meyer, Timothy Brown, S. J M. Neil Browne, and Nancy Kubasek, Do We Really Want More Leaders in Business? Journal of Business Ethics, 17, no. 15, (November 1998) 1730. 5 . Maccoby, Michael. Harvard Business Review. The Rise and Fall of a Narcissist 6 . Maccoby, Michael. Harvard Business Review. Proc. of Weaknesses of the Narcissistic 7 . Boyett, Joseph H., Ph.D. Surviving The Destructive Narcissistic Leader.

Kinder Garten Math and English Game System Essay Example for Free

Kinder Garten Math and slope Game System EssayMy name is Robin Rutherford and I will be your boors Kindergarten t from apiece oneer this socio-economic class. I am looking forward to an exciting and productive year with your child. This is my fifth year as a teacher at Parkview Elementary. I guide 14 years of experience pedagogics Kindergarten. I graduated from TexasTech University with a degree in Early Childhood Development with a find out certificate Pre-K by 6th nock. Over the years, I have taken many hours of sea captain increase in order to be prepared to meet each childs needs. I shaft teaching kindergartenMy mission as a teacher is to tending children discover the joy of learning, and to help each child develop a strong belief in his or her own ability. I penury them to do their best and to have a sense of pride in doing their personal best. It is also of pristine importance to me that my students appreciate and respect other peoples differences. I enjoy reading, cooking, photography, scrapbooking and making jewelry. I love animals and have a Cocker Spaniel named Olivia and a Jack Russell terrier named Jack. I also have a large flavour water aquarium and a cockatiel named Spike.I am a foster parent and, in time, hoping to adopt. Together we can make this year the best year possible for your child. If you have any questions or concerns, please feel free to call or come up for a scheduled league. My conference time is Monday through Friday from 1255- 145. The school phone number is 817-. 237-5121. The Beginning of Kindergarten Friedrich Frobel, of Germany, was the fo chthonian of the kindergarten pith garden of children. The Frobel kindergarten is found on German Idealist philosophy that explored the individual and natural world.The first kindergarten was based on natural play things/toys, songs and dance that promoted cooperative members of the community, and play for all children at all social and ability levels. His philosoph y was based on free self-activity, creativity, social participation, and motor expression. News Superintendent of Schools Lynne Erdle invites common input regarding development of the school districts 2013-2014 proposed operating budgets. The budget development period has arrived with the New Year and the mature of Education and district officials have begun fail on next years budget.This early in the process, in that respect are many unknowns, including Canandaiguas level of state aid proposed by their Governor, and its Tax Levy Limit for 2013-14 under the law. News The Canandaigua City School District reminds all parents and visitors to our school buildings that proper photo identification is mandatory to be shown for receipt of a Visitors badge and for full access to any building during school hours. Photo IDs are inspected and Visitors badges are distributed at the Reception Desk at each school building.There are no exceptions to this procedure. All.. News Robyn is a certif ied elementary teacher and ESL teacher in Illinois, who has taught 4th-6th grade, middle school ESL, and ESL to adults. She specializes in the fields of writing, ESL, academic/career advising, and higher education. She is a professional advisor for the state of Illinois, the Managing Editor of ED News Daily, and a blogger for Chicago Now. She has been published in Linkedin Today, Edudemic, read Horizons, BG Patch, The Niles Bugle and more.Robyn was recently?interviewed by Xavier University, discussing her lifes dedication and work in the field of education, as part of their American Dream Project, to be released on their website soon. Robyn was a featured educator and? writer for Edutopia. org. In addition to her heat for writing, she also has a great love of higher education. She launched and managed the first graduate advising program for National Louis University, reinforcement over? 2,500 teachers. She holds a B. A. in Elementary Education and an M. Ed. in Curriculum and Inst ruction, with a concentration in ESL.News Quality Early Childhood Education The agency supports high-quality early learning that promotes kindergarten school discretion for Texas children. The State of Texas is invested in the identification and dissemination of well researched early childhood education instructional strategies. back up through key partnerships with the Regional Education Service Centers, the Texas Early Learning Council, numerous licensed child care programs, including Head Start, Texas continues to raise the bar for quality early learning.This includes laying the foundation for all investments through the adoption of the Texas Prekindergarten Guidelines (PKG), which emphasize research-based instructional strategies that are developmentally appropriate. Intended to support all students, these guidelines also work to inform teachers in addressing the specific needs of English language learners and students with disabilities. News ABC Phonics Sing, Sign, and Read b y Nellie Edge book and CD features an innovative Multisensory ABC and Phonics Immersion strategy, creating an engaging and memorable way for children to learn letters and sounds and begin the reading process.The integration of visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learning pathways builds success for all young learners. picturesque watercolor illustrations, ASL signs, and a team of engaging children join you on this lively musical adventure. Because still pictures alone(predicate) do non fully convey the beautiful flow and motion of ASL, Sign2Me publishers has created complimentary online tutorial videos to help you learn the signs in this ABC Phonics book. Family ABC Wall Charts and Parents as Partners letters are also available. compose by Joseph GulinoA childs readiness for formal education should not be unyielding solely by a calendar date and a simple skills test. I just fork out to pull them through said the kindergarten teacher when I observed that six of the children in h er class of 21 did not seem create from raw stuff for kindergarten. It was December 1999, I was new to the school, and I was concerned about just about behaviors the kindergartners were exhibiting, such as inability to focus or sit still for more than a hardly a(prenominal) minutes, lack of knowledge of letters and numbers, andmost of allthe desire to play rather than learn.As I got to know the students in grades 1 through 8, my concerns heightened. There were five to 15 children in each grade who were either struggling or just not interested in learning. What troubled me most, however, was the lack of a formal readiness testing process as a criterion for kindergarten entry. There also was no process to inform parents regarding school readiness issues, and no organized counseling strategies to assist parents of children who were not ready for formal school experiences.School accountability and student achievement are topics of paramount significance today. alone I believe it is unfair to place accountability for student achievement on education systems that not only are financially strapped but are also hindered by current enrollment practices that strict up students and schools for failure. That is why it is imperative for educational leaders and legislators to revamp the early years of formal instruction by designing, implementing, and assessing school enrollment practices and procedures founded on sound research.

The latter part of Act 3 in his play The Crucible The Crucible Essay Example for Free

The latter(prenominal) part of Act 3 in his tour The Crucible The Crucible EssayThe Crucible is a very enthralling play to read and especially to watch. The way that Miller is able to build up his characters and put them into such exaggerated situations in The Crucible is breathtaking. He has the ability to illustrate what might by nature happen in situations such as this, showing us periods within the whole scenario where things calm down, or reach a climax.He is a magician of the greatest kind, using words and stage directions to cause his feats of trickery rather than illusion. Act 3 of the play is undoubtedly a climax and the setting of the paroxysm introduces us to a much more sinister turn of events than might be expected in another setting. According to Millers own stage direction the Act is set in the vestry populate of the Salem meeting house, described as a solemn and heavy room.Hence the atmosphere and setting are perfect in creating a feeling of extreme McCarth yism, a period where accusations were thrown taboo left and right in the American government, each participant in the fight not uncoerced to take the punch, but diverting it to another contestant when it gets too close. All this epoch I look the one controlling it all, the referee of the match, the manager of all the teams if you will, is Abigail.This play is set in Salem, a time in the seventeen or eighteen hundreds, when most racial and religious minorities had moved to the new America. This play in particular focuses in a small Puritan town where religion is held at the question of society. In this time acts of God and of the devil were, wholly believed, and in this small town a assembly of young girls played on this immense superstition for their own gains. That is where the story is set, the girls blamed people they disliked of witchcraft and hundreds of people were burned on false accusations.But this play was in fact pen as a reflection of the earlier part of this cent ury, where a senator by the name of Joseph McCarthy played on the American peoples fears of communism to rise to fame. He, like the girls, told the government that he had a list of communists present in the American government, in Hollywood and in most walks of life. He ruined thousands of peoples livelihoods, but never had any(prenominal) evidence against anyone. This terrible time in the 1920s to 40s is what Miller wants to really reflect upon in his play.

Research Study on Gender Bias in Education Essay Example for Free

Research Study on Gender Bias in Education EssayThese instructions were used as a form of deception to prove my venture. My hypothesis was that wowork force would be to a great extent affected by this deception than would the men. My results proved other(a)wise. Results showed there was little difference in the way the women and men performed on these tests on either version. The ANOVA testing showed these clear results. Does Performance ring Success? Gender biases argon present in the Ameri kindle culture. Women be put in a stereotype as the one to stay at home cleaning and cooking while men atomic number 18 believed to submit to bring home the paychecks. How we live though is non the only bea with sex activity biases.thither atomic number 18 biases when it comes to sports, who flowerpot do what jobs and even direction. Women argon believed to be better at the preparation aspects having to do with words and comprehension while men are believed to be better at ad d up or maths. In the explore world there is oft controversy on whether the bias presented is genuine or non. Researchers have non been able to support this belief or disregard it due to the umpteen conflicting results. A study done with the purpose of determining whether sexual activity expectations still exist in present time, resulted in the idea that more and more sexual activitys are becoming equal in education (Jordan 2008).It was bring that both sexes are more likely than ever to fatten out their high indoctrinate education and even be able to obtain higher degree. The study also showed the gender gap in scores on the National Association of Education Progress becoming more and more specialise over time. Jordan does non refute the idea of gender bias in education tho support the idea that it is diminishing. These two researchers on the other hand, Fisher (2008) and Johnston (2005), have studies supporting their beliefs that gender biases in dogma are simply a myth.Both constructed research to support the idea that neither females nor males perform differently gibe to gender expectation or that these gender expectations are implemented at all. Fisher more, specifically, researching in math and Johnston in math and education. Chapman (2012) and Goetz (1996) though, both have studies that seem to prove otherwise. Chapman conducted a study, in Canada, which breath to the belief that gender discrepancies in t separatelying and education focus more positively on females. Chapman believes males are the ones taking losses in education expectancies.Goetz on the other hand, researched and came up with results which led him to believe American educators focus their attention more on males allowing them a positive advantage. After learning so much from previous research it can be accurately inferred that the gender bias in education does exist. A psychologist, Ghandi (2006) stated in his study the truth behind the bias. He used this truth to co nduct a study in which he found that women not only believe the bias but are subject to it when they are told they go away fail due to their gender.This particular study is what laid down the base of operations for my research study. All of the above researchers knew the biased existed and all tried to support it or disprove it. This research project has one purpose to understand out not if gender biases exist but whether women are affected by these gender based expectations more than men. In legion(predicate) colleges and universities women are real genial with their gender they are powerful, and successful. there are clubs devoted to womens sexuality, success, and even fashion senses.There are awards given to women who have gotten superior grades, been offered great jobs, or are simply a success. Knowing this, what I emergency to learn is whether these women who are so highly praised and allowed the kindred success as men are still subjects to gender based expectations, m ore specifically in learning and education. In my study I pass on be deceiving the thespians into thinking that only women will be successful in this study or to another group I will be saying only men will be successful. The way this will be done is by using simple high school take aim math tests. Before he test I will be falsely informing fractional(prenominal) of my histrions (equal number of females and males) that only men will pass this test, and then I will repeat this with the other half of my role players but falsely informing them of the foe. The fact that I will play on womens vulnerability will allow me to learn whether these very empowered and successful women will still be so after being told they will fail before even trying. My hypothesis is that these women will be affected by such a statistic and depending on the false statistic they get, they will fulfill it. Methods ParticipantsForty 8 undergraduate volunteers (24 males and 24 females) from Bryant Univer sity took part in this study. The average age of participants was recorded at 20. 22 eld (SD=1. 13). No cultural or ethnic backgrounds were recorded. With help from different psychological intelligence professors a general translation was given out within psychology classes and volunteers were recruited. To these participants in particular unembellished credit was allotted. The rest of the participants were recruited by means of word of mouth and e-mail in which they were once again given a general description of the study and asked whether they would be willing to volunteer. each(prenominal) participant was tested individually and required approximately 15 minutes to complete study. Materials The study consisted of participants completing a standardized math test, four adopt questions, and a deceptive expression which can all be found in the appendix. The math test was found in an SAT math test practice site. This math test worked as the channel for the certified variable (result on the test). The survey questions asked were simply used for collecting reading. The questions did not ask sensitive information or anything that would put any participant at risk.Finally, the short article was written by myself and is all in all fictional. It falsely informed the participants on information regarding SAT tests and reported false statistics on men outperforming women for half of the studies and the opposite for the other half. This was used as the deception part of the research which inconspicuously provided the participant with the autarkical variable (whether females or males pass this test) Procedures Forty eight students were recruited (24 females and 24 males) from Bryant University as the participants of my study.They were all recruited through psychology classes in which Professors gave a brief overview of what my study entailed and from there proceeded to recruit. The participants recruited in such a manner were rewarded with extra credit points i n their class. The rest of the participants were recruited through word of mouth and group e-mails. With each participant recruited I have a brief explanation of what the study was comprised of, what it entailed, and more specifically what each participant would have to contribute. Once I recruited all participants which were necessary I began the research itself.At the start of their participation, each participant was handed a consent for in which they were asked to read thoroughly and if they agreed to the terms and conditions they were to sign and date. In the consent form participants were informed of their ability to leave the study at any time, their entitlement to any information and debriefing, on the confidentiality of the study and many more safety factors. To show the validity of the form I subscribe and dated on the same page each participant did right in front of them.Each participant agreed to the consent form allowing the study to continue. Once the consent form pro cess was finished I would hand each participant the study packet. At this point they were told that each study was to be completed alone. The packet started off with an article which was entirely false and used to deceive each participant. On it there was make up information on the performance of genders on the SAT test end-to-end the past years. Each participant was informed that they would not be able to continue with the packet if they did not read these instructions.Once the instructions were read each participant could continue to the next section which consisted of the survey questions. These questions were purely used to collect data for analysis. Once the second part was completed each participant would continue on to the math portion of this study. The math portion of the test was a high school train standardized math test previously tested by college level participants. Each participant completed the math portion and would come to me to hand it in. when each individual would approach me I made trusted to let them know the true nature of the study and informed them of the deceit.It was very important that no participant left the study with the false idea of one gender outperforming the other. I made sure each participant was thoroughly debriefed and had any questions they had answered. Results The data were analyzed using an ANOVA with the alpha level set at . 05. The of import effect of gender participation was not significant, ? (1,44)=. 12, p=. 73, ? 2=. 003 and the main effect of gender test taking was not significant, ? (1,44)=. 00, p=1. 0, ? 2=. 00. However, the fundamental interaction between the gender participation and gender test was marginally significant, ? (1,44)=2. 97, p=. 9, ? 2=. 06. Figure 1 shows a cross-over interaction in which the two variables almost perfectly interact. My hypothesis stated that womens scores would be more affected by the test gender and the deception then would the mens. The results of the tests did not var y according to the gender of the participant or gender of the test. My hypothesis was not supported by the above data. There was, however, a notable factor in the results and the fact that they were similar in score for both genders. reciprocation No significant main effect for test gender or participant gender occurred in this study.When taking a math test right after reading a deceitful article about the tendency of males or females to outperform the opposite sex, neither genders score seemed to be affected. This particular result is not what I predicted in my original hypothesis. Straying away from my belief that women would do the men once they were deceived into believing they would be outperformed, the results disproved my hypothesis. This outcome is consistent with the research of Fisher (2008) and Johnston (2005) in determination there is no significant gab in the performance of females and males in the subject of math.The results are not consistent though with those find ings by Ghandi (2006) a researcher whose findings state that women do poorly on math when they are told their gender is to blame. Some factors which may have led to the inconsistency between my hypothesis and my results can be attributed to the limitation when conducting this research. Being part of such a small university, my research was very throttle in the model size it could use. Three thousand undergraduate students was a small population to submit just forty eight participants from.This also lead to what I believe was a biased sample since each and every participant was also my friend. The fact that the participants had a relationship with me could have caused an over performance level which would not usually happen. Some internal validity which should be looked at was the fact that many variables were simply not recorded. These factors include the race and ethnicity of the participant, whether English was their native language, if they dumb the deceiving article in the s tart, and whether they understood every question asked in the math portion.Another internal validity factor is the way in which data was recorded. If this study were to be repeated, observation should definitely be an alternative way of recording data. There was so much happening as I observed each and every participant complete my study. Participants would get frustrated or smile the whole way through. Sometimes they would try to help each other out when I looked the other way or simply just guessed the answers since they did not fate to be taking a math test.Using a standardized that does not give anything in return to these participants, should not have been my only source of data since it was not the best way to find results. Regardless of the limitations, new studies and research in the field of gender differences in education have resulted with outcomes very similar to mine. Although my hypothesis was not supported, the consistency it has with the studies of Fisher (2008) and Johnston (2005) only come to show that this study will be supporting much research in the psychology world.My results will be one more way to support the idea that there is little or no difference in gender performance in math. In addition to replicating my results, future research might extend the finding by examining other subjects in the world of education. Expanding the testing to be possibly in language, critical thinking, sciences and also math may give a better understanding on whether there is a discrepancy in womens performance when they are told they are going to fail. Future research might also want to expand their sample by moving to younger generations in school, possibly in igh school, and older generations in and out of school. By doing so the outcome may result more accurately and allow a better understanding of the prediction. In conclusion, gender performance on standardized math tests do not have a direct link to the subject or the belief that one gender will out perform the other. After testing 48 participants (24 female and 24 male), giving each the same little standardized math test but deceiving each to think they would outperform or underperform the opposite sex, no gender seemed to truly outperform. Each gender resulted close to equal.The results did not support my hypothesis but it led the way to a new hypothesis and a completely new approach to this study. References Goetz, J. (1996). In Education Expert Classroom Gender Bias Persists. Cornell Cronicle. Retrieved from http//www. news. cornell. edu/chronicle/96/4. 25. 96/gender. hypertext mark-up language. Jordan, J (2008) The story of Gender Bias in School. Retrieved March 8, 2012. From http//www. parentdish. com/2008/05/20/the-myth-of-gender-bias-in-school/ Fisher, M (2008) Study No gender differences in math performance. University of Wisconsin-Madison News. Retrieved from http//www. news. wisc. edu/15412Johnston, T (2005) No evidence of innate gender differences in math and sci ence, scholars assert. Stanford University News. Retrieved from http//news. stanford. edu/news/2005/february9/math-020905. html Gandhi, U. (2006) Gender bias in math skills doesnt add up, scientists say. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved from http//www. theglobeandmail. com/news/technology/science/article197902. ece Chapman, A. (2012) Gender bias in education. Research Room. Retrieved from http//www. edchange. org/multicultural/papers/genderbias. html Table 1 transversal over interaction pic Appendix Survey questions Male/ Female (circle one)Date of Birth __________ Anticipated commencement ceremony year __________ Have you ever taken a standardized test (example SAT) Math questions (standardized test) http//www. majortests. com/sat/problem-solving-test01 1. Of the following, which is greater than ? ? picA. 2/5 picB. 4/7 picC. 4/9 picD. 5/11 picE. 6/13 2. If an object travels at five feet per second, how many feet does it travel in one hour? picA. 30 picB. three hundred picC. 720 pic D. 1800 picE. 18000 3. What is the average (arithmetic mean) of all the multiples of ten from 10 to 190 inclusive? picA. 90 picB. 95 picC. 100 picD. cv picE. 110 4. A cubical block of metal weighs 6 pounds. How much will another pulley block of the same metal weigh if its sides are twice as long? picA. 48 picB. 32 picC. 24 picD. 18 picE. 12 5. In a class of 78 students 41 are taking French, 22 are taking German and 9 students are taking both French and German. How many students are not enrolled in either course? picA. 6 picB. 15 picC. 24 picD. 33 picE. 54 6. If f(x) = (x? 50), what is the range of f(-5) ? picA. 75 picB. 25 picC. 0 picD. -25 picE. -75 7. ( v2 v3 )? = picA. 5 2v6 picB. 5 v6 picC. 1 2v6 picD. 1 v2 picE. 1 8. 230 + 230 + 230 + 230 = picA. 8120 picB. 830 picC. 232 picD. 230 picE. 226 pic 9. Amy has to visit towns B and C in any order. The roads connecting these towns with her home are shown on the diagram. How many different routes can she take starting from A an d returning to A, going through both B and C (but not more than once through each) and not travelling any road twice on the same trip? picA. 10 picB. 8 picC. 6 picD. 4 picE. 2 pic 10. In the figure above AD = 4, AB = 3 and CD = 9. What is the area of triangle AEC ? picA. 18 picB. 13. 5 picC. 9 picD. 4. 5 picE. 3

History of Hospitality Essay Example for Free

chronicle of cordial reception Essay cordial reception is the extension of home like services to persons other than of ones household or immediate relative. Hospitality involves treating strangers and clients to warm welcome into strangers homes. Hospitality brings people who r atomic number 18ly bed each other together. Hospitality is traced back to as early as humankind existence is known. The approximately intelligent of human evolution, the homo sapient was identified as indicating cordial reception traits. The seventeenth century in the British culture had evidence of cordial reception traits, (OConnor, 2005). The face of cordial reception though has changed over the centuries to what it is at once. The accent mark of persons organism hospitcapable towards fellow people has been relaxed and only a a couple of(prenominal) institutions are left to practice it. Hospitality today is not much to be practiced by everyone but by a few who are deemed to natur tout ensemb ley possess this quality as a gift. For in that location to be an in shrewdness understanding of what is entailed in hospitality, a review of the ancient definitions and motive of hospitality is necessary. This leave help us determine whether the principles on which hospitality was founded have changed over time.Among the Greeks, hospitality was viewed as a sacred activity to honor their gods and thus the whole society was obliged to be hospitable (OGorman, 2005). unsuccessful person to go away hospitable attitudes towards guests or strangers invited the wrath of the supernatural. Greek and Roman Societies Hospitality was thought of as mobile from generation to generation. The virtue was not only a face-to-face choice but was likewise utilize in public affairs. Different types of guests were current at treated variously according to their status, (OGorman, 2005).Traders were received other than from cultural visitors. Hospitality was exercised even at national level where state or city guests were received with honour and lordliness. Commercial hospitality was rare in the early Greek civilization. In the Roman culture, hospitality was expected to be an exercise of all pennons and it was more pronounced in the Greek society. Public hospitality was exercised by Rome and other countries. Hospitality is traceable even in phantasmal writings like the Bible. Some fundamental principles are evident from the studies of early hospitality. Underlying PrinciplesHospitality was viewed as necessary for human existence. Because no person was immune to requiring hospitality services at almost time, there was an obligation for all to be hospitable. Hospitality established and maintained relationships which cultivated togetherness. Hospitality was further viewed as an honorable impost deserving passing from one generation to another. Being hospitable was to be practiced all through irrespective of changes in the world. Hospitality by then was stratified in that particular groups of person were accorded differentiateing treatment according to their social standing.The extent of the different groups of guests required that laws be established to govern this. This indicates that hospitality was highly valued in these early societies. There was an unwritten law that hospitality, once extended to a person, one had to respond by extending it to others. This ensured its continuity. In the ancient set up also, hospitality was used to grow honour for persons exercising it. The more a person is involved with receiving guests and strangers into their households, the more respected they became in the society. violence was laid on domestic hospitality in which guests were welcomed in households. Hospitality Today The face of hospitality has evidently changed today. The society lays little emphasis in reception of visitors or strangers at large. Domestic hospitality today is a rare phenomenon. Todays society treats strangers with suspicion and it the refore becomes harder for people to extend hospitality. With the growing security concerns, strangers are more likely to be shunned in the suspicion that they have malicious intentions.This is more so for the developed countries where homes are fenced to lock out intruders and sensors installed to man the compound. Commercialization The society today has commercialized hospitality services to the extent that it has lost its meaning. Hospitality is exercised only when the host stands to gain financially from the guest. The founding of luxurious hotels across the world emphasizes this. Rarely would a sizeable town lack allowance facilities for guests or people in transit. Without any gain from hosting these people, such hospitality centers would be inexistent.The commercialization of hospitality has further sidelined those needing the services from receiving them. Before a guest is booked into these hotels it has to be ascertained that they are able to pay accommodation fees. Guests are also required to produce many documents to identify themselves and at times, they are required to state their motives. Some guests are turned away if the hosts doubt them. The personalized sympathetic bear on between a host and guest has been lost long the way (Dittmer, 1997). Suspicion Today also extension of kindness is raise suspicion.When persons become so hospitable even in the commercial facilities, the guest realizes that their hosts must be after favours. There are standard ways of showing hospitality in the commercial facilities and all workers and obliged to follow them. But when they do more than is required, guests become wary. This is in contrast with the traditional view where acts of hospitality were interpreted as well intended. Public Hospitality Public hospitality as exercised in the past was to build relationships between cities or states.The representatives of states were sent to foreign nations to foster expose relations. Such persons were supposed to be received well in alien land. Failure to receive them with dignity and respect was regarded as abuse to their native lands. Today this principle is largely applied. Countries send their representatives to foreign lands to build friendships and also negotiate deals. These representatives are received in well built guest houses set away for this very purpose. Reception of these people with great dignity is interpreted as friendliness towards countries (Hobbs, 2001).In businesses, there are established hospitality dockets which accord certain levels of treatment to their guests. A cup of tea is offered and some companies offer more. This is an extension of the past trends of building relationships thorough hospitality. A deviation from past hospitality trends lies in todays detachment of the virtue with religion. In the past, hospitality was largely viewed as a religious obligation. With the developments in the science world, religious issues have progressively lost much meaning to som e people.This removes personal obligation on individuals to be hospitable. It shows the extent to which modern society has abandoned collective function to economic aid for strangers leaving it in the hands of the commercial institutions (Hobbs, 2001). Hospitality is a virtue that every reason should exercise. The emphasis should not be resented to commercial facilities along but just as it was the practice traditionally, it is everyones responsibility to ensure guests and strangers are comfortable. The society today should redefine hospitality to what it used to be.BibliographyDittmer, P. (1997) Early Development of the Hospitality Industry. Dimensions of the Hospitality Industry, New York John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , pp. 33-77. OGorman, K (2005) Modern Hospitality Lessons from the Past. Journal of Hospitality and touristry Management, 12 (2), pp. 141-151. Hobbs, T (2001) Hospitality in the First Testament and the Teleological Fallacy. Journal for the lease of the Old Testament, 26, (1), pp. 3-30. OConnor, D (2005) Towards a new interpretation of hospitality. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 17, (3), pp. 267-271.